Thursday, 2 December 2010

BEFORE REBECCA: THE CORN RIOTS IN WELSH HISTORY CONTINUE TO SPEAK TO US OF POPULAR STRUGGLE and WORKERS SOLIDARITY. A Lesson For Our Times!



Focusing on Llangyfelach in the South, though such was the extent of the Corn Riots between 1793 -1801 that any number of towns may have been selected as example but whilst spoil things for you? Just get the book: Before Rebecca Popular Protest in Wales 1793 - 1835 by David Jones, this is a must have book, buy it for yourselves as an Xmas present. The Books Introduction to Welsh Society in the late 18th century is a fascinating account of a Pre - Industrial Revolution Wales of hardship and poverty amongst the poor as well as People and Workers in general. A Wales owned and run by an Anglo - Welsh Land Owning Gentry more and more being joined my English Iron Masters and a growing Welsh Middle Class who would become major Victorian Welsh and also Scottish Mine Owning Capitalists but that is very much post Rebecca and Blue Books of 1848. The book Wales History of a Nation by David Ross also has some excellent chapters re period under consideration here. Not least look up the work of Geraint H. Jenkins who writes much on 17th and 18th centuries Wales. Continued below The March on Swansea February 1793, a Revolutionary Year!


17 Feb 2002 ... Geraint H. Jenkins examines the vicissitudes of modern Welsh history. ... Several historians who have written distinguished works on the ...
www.historytoday.com/thomas.../reading-history-modern-wales -Cached

Further, check out Welsh History Review. Vol 2 1965 Number 4 has a great article on the Corn Riots 1793 - 1801 by David J.V.Jones:

Welsh History Review

- 5 visits - 18 Oct
Professor Geraint H. Jenkins, Chairman of the University of Wales Board of Celtic Studies. ... sociologists, archaeologists and demographers as well as historians. .... The Crow's Nest Pass Work Scheme and Damage Control. by Wayne K. D. ...
www.uwp.co.uk/book_desc/whr.html - Cached - Similar

Also see:

Crime, Protest and Police in Modern British SocietyDavid J. V. ...

by C Williams - 2000
Crime, Protest and Police in Modern British Society David J. V. Jones. Chris Williams. You have reached the most complete version of this article accessible ...
ehr.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/citation/115/464/1344 - Similar


My home town Merthyr Tudful was known as a Corn Riot hot spot but so too were a number of other towns particularly those with Markets and Ports. Whatever, in this post I shall focus on the Copper Workers of

Llangyfelach and, their march on Swansea. We also learn about the developement of early Industries as w

ell as urban developments north of Swansea. Llangyfelach also appeals to me for the part it's Copper Workers played in coming to the support of the Swansea food agitation and protest aka 'Corn Riot'. However, I am getting ahead of myself, first some back ground. Pre- Industrial Wales of the 18th Century had witnessed major Corn Riots in 1740 and in the 1750s and again in 1778 and 1789 however between 1893 - 1801 Wales would witness six years of Corn Riots all over the land. Continued below:

MUDIAD COFIWN Past, Present & Future?

- 55 visits - 23 Nov
MUDIAD COFIWN Past, Present & Future? A Historical Archive of material regards the National Consciousness raising movement COFIWN from 1972 - 1986. ...
cofiwn.blogspot.com/ - Cached - Similar

The March of the Llangyfelach Copper Workers on Swansea, is quite an outstanding event in the history of Welsh Popular Protest and Social Struggle. During the winter of 1793 there was much discontent in Swansea and disturbences threatened not least fears of such was prompted by the existence of a secret group of radicals 'Patriots of Swansea' issuing 'Warning Letters' to the towns governing powers. The new year of 1793 had hardly got under way before there were protest gatherings in the town and radical pamphlets were much circulated to add to a growing volatile situation. Then on 2 February, a Market Day a noisey crowd gathered to threaten farmers, merchants and malsters. Not least 'Badgers', the Corn buying agents responsible for buying up corn and having it shipped out of Swansea to other parts where more profits could be made, the crowd then proceeded to search houses and break into storehouses looking for corn to distribute to the poor.

Two days later on February 5th the Copper Workers of Llangyfelach and other localities north of Swansea organised and began a march into Swansea to support the people in the struggle to avert starvation. As the workers made their way to Swansea they were joined by other workers and people, and as they marched on many groups would break away to raid farms for secret stores of corn. This march upon Swansea was led by three workers; Llewelin Llewelin a Collier, Thomas David and William Thomas Coppermen Arriving in Swansea the workers joined the crowd in harrassing those who opposed them and seeking out stores of corn, however by the following Saturday, it looks as if the 'Patriots of Swansea' were taking command of the situation towards more political end purpose. As a march on the guildhall was organised to put popular grievences before the Portreeve and Magistrates, this seems to have brought about a stalemate and the march dispersed.

Though the Town remained disaffected for a long while and the civil authorities were to call upon the Governement to send in troops and, soon a detachment of the Second Regiment of Dragoons arrived to pacify the town and district. Neither was that the end of Swansea and the Corn riots, in April 1801 another major disturbence broke out with again metal Workers and Colliers marching on the Town to support the peoples struggle there. On 20 April a crowd mainly of women and children paraded through the streets and forced open the doors of a ware house and demanded corn at reasonable prices. Again the Civilian authorities called in troops to restore order, two ring leaders were taken and locked up but later allowed to escape by sympathisers, a not too infrequent event, the rescue of 'rioters'?
Such happy outcome was not allways the case, a number of Corn Rioters were shot, sentenced to terms in prison and a number transported including Womem. As Ann Catherall and Elizabeth Huxley of the Parish of Hawarden were transported to Austrailia for seven years.

So who were Corn Rioters, not so much the rural poor but more so the urban poor, artisans and workers in developing industrial areas of Southern and North East Wales. Further, key Corn Riot locations were Market Towns as Denbigh and Abergavenny and Ports as Caernarfon and Amlwch also, a number in Penfro. Much of what I have written is based on accounts in that must buy 'Before Rebecca', I have only touched on but a small account but there is much more to the Corn Riots than above. I really do suggest you read up more on such, not least regards your own corn riot local history, to make sure such is memorialised and commemorated more.

This popular peoples/workers history is as important as the history of Princes and poets, not least in our present times of coming great Socio - Economic hardship. Myself considers also that locality and anniversary dates of the Corn Riots of the past times present such as excellent present day service to C.O.R.N Cymru Onward Revolt Now! and, other organised or not Welsh Resistance to Tory Acts of Aggression Againts Our Country, Our Communities and People. As dates and venues for NO CUTS! Protest Rallies and Demonstrations, so why not a No Cuts! Rally in Llangyfelach, token march and Demonstration at present day Guild Hall? Any present day 'Patriots of Swansea' out there who could organise such a NO CUTS! Day/Week of Action so associated for the first week of February 2011?

13 May 2005 ... Howell, David W. The rural poor in eighteenth-century Wales. .... Jones, David J V. Before Rebecca: popular protests in Wales 1793-1835. ...
www.earlymodernweb.org.uk/embiblios/emwalesbib.htm - Cached - Similar

How accurate is this description of rural discontent and protest in Wales and England in the 1830s and early 1840s? Did John Wesley and the Methodists ...
www.gcsepod.co.uk/.../popular-movements-in-england-and-wales-1815-1845/ -Cached - Similar

Before Rebecca: Popular protests in Wales 1793-1835. 1973. Tim Jones. ... Village revolts:Social protest and popular disturbances in England 1509-1640. ...

www.earlymodernweb.org.uk/crimebib/index.php?action...id=14 - Cached


    1. by A Howkins - 1993 - Cited by 5 - Related articles

    1. the relationship between those elements and social protest or disorder. .... William Hone, The Everyday Book, 2 Vols. (London, 1828), is a convenient source .... David Jones, Before Rebecca, Popular Protest in Wales 1793-1835 (London, ...

    1. journals.cambridge.org/article_S0956793300003472


Corn Riots in Wales, 1793-1801. See Glamorgan · Carmarthenshire county ..... up. For more online information about the parish of Llanelli see Genuki ...
home.clara.net/tirbach/HelpPagepearlsCarmarthen.html - Cached - Similar

  1. 6 Oct 2010 ... Welsh Assembly · Llanelli ... Rebecca Riots in Pontyberem Carmarthenshire · www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Pontyberem and surrounding area ... Llanfihangel Aberbythych · Llanfihangel Rhos-y-Corn · Llanfihangel-ar-Arth ...
    wapedia.mobi/en/Pontyberem - Cached
  2. Corn Riots in Wales, 1793-1801 see Glamorgan ..... and the animals were shipped to industrial ports such as Swansea, Cardiff, Newport and Llanelli. ...
    home.clara.net/tirbach/HelpPagepearlsCGN.html - Cached - Similar
  3. 13 Jul 2010 ... Cheif commodities are Corn, Cattle, Salmon, of ye large size Wood, Pit-Coal,.... A talk given to the Llanelli Art Society on 3rd February 1971 .... the history of the Rebecca Riots in Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire ...
    www.genuki.org.uk/big/wal/CMN/ - Cached - Similar

    For more on Marching into history, see:

    CERDDED YMLAEN 2010 - 2016.The Long Walk For Wales.

    cerddedymlaen2010-16.blogspot.com/ - Cached

    Also:

Welsh Remembrancer.

- 28 visits - 6 Nov

Welsh Remembrancer. Rememberance,Retrospective and Revisionionary, ... This gives just about a week for 'Pobl Corn Riot' to get an act together, this first ...
welshremembrancer.blogspot.com/ - Similar


G.Gruffydd.